Java is a high-level programming language. It is called high level because it can be easily understood by the people. Like English, it has certainly have rules that determine how instructions are written. These rules are collectively called syntax in programming. A computer is a machine that doesn’t understand the high-level language, so after writing the codes in high-level language, it should be translated into machine level language so that computer can easily understand it.
Java is a programming language and a platform.
Programming Language: Java is a high-level, simple, secured robust and object-oriented programming language.
Platform: Platform is defined as the environment that may be hardware or software in which program runs. So, reason for Java calling platform is that it has its own runtime environment (JRE) and API in which program runs.
Java Example
We’ll look at simple Java Hello World program that is the basis of any programming language. There is another post for detail explanation of this example.
class Hello{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println("Hello World"); } }
Hello World
Some devices that use Java
According to Sun, 3 billion devices run Java. According to a study by Gartner, the mobile applications (apps) market is expected to reach $92 billion. This is creating significant career opportunities for people who program mobile applications, many of which are programmed in Java. There are many devices where Java is currently used. Some of them are as follows:
Airplane systems | ATMs | Automobile Infotainment Systems |
Blu-ray Disc players | Cable boxes | Copiers |
Credit Cards | CT Scanners | Desktop Computers |
e-Readers | Game consoles | GPS Navigation Systems |
Home appliances | Home security systems | Light switches |
Lottery terminals | Medical devices | Mobile phones |
MRIs | Parking payment stations | Printers |
Transportation passes | Robots | Routers |
Smart Cards | Smart meters | Smartpens |
Smartphones | Tablets | Televisions |
TV set-top boxes | Thermostats | Vehicle diagnostic system |
Types of Java Applications
Using Java Programming Language, we can mainly develop 4 types of applications:
1) Standalone Application
These applications are also known as desktop applications or window-based applications. After the creation of the application, we must install on each machine where we want to run it. Finance Software or Antivirus running in your computer is a simple example of standalone application. AWT and Swing are used in Java for creating these kinds of application.
2) Web Application
Most of the current technologies are web-centric creating the users to interact dynamically on their site. These application runs on the server side and creates a dynamic page. Most of the web application is built in the Java using technologies like Servlet, JavaServer Pages (JSP) Struts, Spring, Hibernate, JavaServer Faces (JSF), etc.
3) Enterprise Application
For most of the big company or enterprises need the application that is applicable to each of their networks and branches. So, an application that is distributed such as banking applications, high end corporate, etc. is an enterprise application. Enterprise Java Bean (EJB) of Java is used for creating such applications. They have the great advantage of the high-level security, scalable, load balancing as well as clustering.
4) Mobile Application
This era has so far the most mobile use than before. Smartphones have been a part of life. So, Java Developers has also the scope of creating the great careers by developing mobile apps using Android and Java Micro Edition (ME).
Java Platforms / Editions
Generally, Java has 4 platforms or editions which are explained below:
1) Java SE (Java Standard Edition)
It is a simple level Java Programming platform. Different Java Programming APIs such as java.util, java.lang, java.sql, java.math, java.io is the essential part of this edition. The very basics core topics such as OOPs, String Regex, Exception, Inner Classes, I/O Stream, Multithreading, AWT Swing, Collection, etc are included in this platform of Java.
2) Java EE (Java Enterprise Edition)
For developing the enterprise and web applications, certainly java has Enterprise Edition. So, it is built on the top of the Java SE platform. Along with Java core, it includes terms like Servlets, JSP, Web Services, EJB, JPA, etc.
3) Java ME (Java Micro Edition)
As the name suggests it is a micro platform to develop the mobile applications.
4) JavaFX
Using the light-weight user interface API, Rich internet applications developed using JavaFX. They help to interact the users with the application in the browser.
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